Yes, they can see night lights, but the discomfort or secretiveness you are seeing might actually be a result of the type of color light being used. Studies on nocturnal geckos and on reptile vision in general have shown that they can actually see better and in more colors than we can, especially at night. Infrared bulbs often work well as night time bulbs because it is a color of light that would only be that intense at night - during the day, there would be the entire range of colors, resulting in white light. For more secretive species, or stressed frogs, they will still react to infrared as though it is a light exposing them to view...which it is.
Moonlight bulbs more closely approximate the color of light that would be seen at night, but even then, adding light to a cage is like mimicking moonlight...and on a full moon night, nocturnal species are going to be less active if they're prey species, as they are aware that they're more visible.
Here's an article I wrote on the basics of vision, and one on nocturnal geckos as well - while neither is directly applicable to frogs, I don't think it's a far stretch that they'd have similarly functioning sight for similar reasons as nocturnal reptiles.
-Jen